作者： admin

Statistical Report on Loan Investment of Financial Institutions in the First Quarter of 2022

According to the website of the central bank, according to the statistics of the People’s Bank of China, at the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions was 201.01 trillion yuan, up 11.4% year-on-year; In the first quarter, RMB loans increased by 8.34 trillion yuan, an increase of 663.6 billion yuan.

First, the loans of enterprises and institutions grew steadily, and the interest rate of new corporate loans was at a low level.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the loan balance of local and foreign currency enterprises and institutions was 129.83 trillion yuan, up 11.8% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 0.8 percentage points higher than the end of last year; In the first quarter, it increased by 7.25 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.69 trillion yuan.

In terms of terms, the balance of short-term loans and bill financing was 47.37 trillion yuan, up 11.5% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 5.3 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year. In the first quarter, it increased by 3.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.28 trillion yuan. The balance of medium and long-term loans was 79.14 trillion yuan, up 12.2% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.8 percentage points lower than the end of last year. It increased by 3.96 trillion yuan in the first quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 514.4 billion yuan.

In terms of purposes, the balance of fixed assets loans was 54.95 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.5%, and the growth rate was 0.6 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year; The balance of operating loans was 52.73 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%, and the growth rate was 0.2 percentage points lower than the end of last year.

In March, the interest rate of new corporate loans was 4.37%, which was 8 and 19 basis points lower than that at the beginning of the year and the same period of last year respectively.

Second, the growth rate of medium and long-term loans in industry is relatively high, and the growth rate of medium and long-term loans in infrastructure industry is stable.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of medium-and long-term loans in local and foreign currency industries was 14.39 trillion yuan, up 20.7% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 9.7 percentage points higher than that of various loans and 1.9 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year. In the first quarter, it increased by 940.9 billion yuan, an increase of 24.9 billion yuan. Among them, the balance of medium and long-term loans for heavy industry was 12.32 trillion yuan, up 19.7% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.8 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year; The balance of medium and long-term loans for light industry was 2.07 trillion yuan, up 27.1% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 2 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of medium and long-term loans in local and foreign currency service industries was 52.22 trillion yuan, up 9.2% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.8 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year. It increased by 2.3 trillion yuan in the first quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 470.3 billion yuan. The balance of medium and long-term loans in the real estate industry decreased by 1.5% year-on-year, and the decline was 1 percentage point higher than the end of last year.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of medium and long-term loans in local and foreign currency infrastructure was 30.26 trillion yuan, up 13.2% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 2.2 percentage points higher than that of various loans; It increased by 1.39 trillion yuan in the first quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 251.3 billion yuan.

3. Loans in inclusive finance maintained a relatively rapid growth rate, the proportion of credit loans increased, and the interest rate of new loans continued to decrease.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of RMB loans in inclusive finance was 28.48 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21.4%, 1.8 percentage points lower than the end of the previous year; In the first quarter, it increased by 1.98 trillion yuan, an increase of 17.8 billion yuan.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of Pratt & Whitney small and micro loans was 20.77 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.6%, and the growth rate was 2.7 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year, of which credit loans accounted for 18.9%, 0.8 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year; It increased by 1.55 trillion yuan in the first quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 24.1 billion yuan. The balance of loans for farmers’ production and operation was 7.25 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.1%; The balance of business guarantee loans was 251.3 billion yuan, up 11% year-on-year; The balance of student loans was 143.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.3%. In March, the interest rate of new loans for Pratt & Whitney small and micro enterprises was 4.93%, 17 basis points lower than that at the beginning of the year.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of loans for people out of poverty nationwide was 953.7 billion yuan, up 16.5% year-on-year, and increased by 39.7 billion yuan in the first quarter.

Fourth, green loans maintained rapid growth.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of green loans in local and foreign currencies was 18.07 trillion yuan, up 38.6% year-on-year, 5.6 percentage points higher than the end of last year, and 27.6 percentage points higher than the growth rate of various loans, with an increase of 2.05 trillion yuan in the first quarter. Among them, loans to projects with direct and indirect carbon emission reduction benefits were 7.79 and 4.22 trillion yuan respectively, accounting for 66.5% of the total green loans.

In terms of purposes, the loan balances of green upgrading industry of infrastructure, clean energy industry and energy conservation and environmental protection industry were 8.27, 4.74 and 2.32 trillion yuan respectively, up by 31.3%, 39.3% and 58% respectively. In terms of industries, the balance of green loans in electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries was 4.82 trillion yuan, up 29.2% year-on-year, and increased by 342.7 billion yuan in the first quarter; The balance of green loans in transportation, warehousing and postal services was 4.36 trillion yuan, up 13.2% year-on-year, and increased by 233.4 billion yuan in the first quarter.

V. The growth rate of agriculture-related loans remained stable.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of agricultural loans in local and foreign currencies was 45.63 trillion yuan, up 12.2% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.3 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year. In the first quarter, it increased by 2.61 trillion yuan, an increase of 560.3 billion yuan.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of rural loans (at or below the county level) was 38.13 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.8%, and the growth rate was 0.7 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year; In the first quarter, it increased by 2.14 trillion yuan, an increase of 323.2 billion yuan. The balance of farmers’ loans was 14.05 trillion yuan, up 12.9% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.1 percentage points lower than the end of last year. It increased by 624.8 billion yuan in the first quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 30.9 billion yuan. The balance of agricultural loans was 4.84 trillion yuan, up 8.4% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.3 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year. In the first quarter, it increased by 280.3 billion yuan, an increase of 76.8 billion yuan.

Six, real estate development loans increased month-on-month, personal housing loan interest rates fell.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of RMB real estate loans was 53.22 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6%, which was 1.9 percentage points lower than the growth rate at the end of last year; In the first quarter, it increased by 779 billion yuan, accounting for 9.3% of the increase of various loans in the same period, accounting for 9.8 percentage points lower than the level of the previous year.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of real estate development loans was 12.56 trillion yuan, down 0.4 percentage points year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.3 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year; The first quarter increased by 290 billion yuan, an increase of 441.4 billion yuan over the fourth quarter of last year. The balance of individual housing loans was 38.84 trillion yuan, up 8.9% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 2.3 percentage points lower than the end of last year. In March, the interest rate of new personal housing loans was 5.42%, 17 basis points lower than that at the beginning of the year.

Seven, the growth rate of household loans slowed down, and the interest rate of consumer loans dropped sharply.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of household loans in local and foreign currencies was 72.37 trillion yuan, up 10.1% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 2.4 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year. In the first quarter, it increased by 1.26 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.3 trillion yuan.

At the end of the first quarter of 2022, the balance of operating loans of local and foreign currency households was 17.1 trillion yuan, up 16% year-on-year, 3.1 percentage points lower than the end of last year; In the first quarter, it increased by 888.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 241.4 billion yuan. The balance of other consumer loans (excluding personal housing loans) was 16.42 trillion yuan, up 7.1% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 2.4 percentage points lower than that at the end of last year. It decreased by 150.2 billion yuan in the first quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 358.5 billion yuan. In March, the interest rate of new household other consumption loans was 7.68%, which was 67 and 41 basis points lower than that at the beginning of the year and the same period of last year respectively.

Sogou input method has the function of ＂help you chat＂, which allows users to express themselves accurately and quickly.

Do you often feel distressed by the lack of literary talent in online communication language expression? Do you often weigh your words but still don’t know how to reply to your friends’ messages properly?　

Recently, sogou’s input method was updated to the new version of 10.9, and the intelligent Wang Zi function of AI assistant was upgraded again, and the exclusive and original "Help You Chat" function was launched, which helped users to open the skills of god chat, allowing users to express themselves accurately and quickly.

Picture 1.png　

As early as August, 2019, sogou Input Method innovatively introduced AI assistant into input method products, released AI intelligent Wang Zi assistant, and launched functions such as expression recommendation, quip recommendation, information recommendation, weather recommendation, etc. to help users express smoothly and efficiently in different scenarios, which significantly improved the user’s input experience.

It is understood that after the launch of the "Help You Chat" function, the AI ? ? intelligent assistant Wang Zi is more intelligent, which can not only help users chat more smoothly, but also make users chat more interesting.

After the new version of sogou Input Method 10.9 went online, AI intelligent assistant Wang Zi upgraded from the original intelligent "replacement" of user chat content to intelligent "completion" of user chat content, making users express more efficiently and accurately without thinking. For example, when you enter "hahaha", the "Help You Chat" function will suggest the user to input the completed content according to the scene intelligence, and the user can choose to send it to the chat friend with one click.

Picture 2.png

Not only that, the "help you chat" function can also assist users to express their interest in poetic language. For example, when the user inputs any two words, click on the quip recommendation, and the AI intelligent assistant Wang Zi will recommend to the user a "poem" composed by AI with the input content. This makes the chat content more personalized, highlights personal aesthetic taste, and makes the chat content poetic and more interesting.

Picture 3.png

From recommending chat content for users to assisting users to chat, and intelligently optimizing and completing users’ chat content, sogou AI intelligent Wang Zi assistant has once again evolved, which is inseparable from the continuous innovation and progress of sogou AI technology. It is reported that after the new version is launched, after the user turns on the "Help You Chat" function, the recommended content will be 100% when the user inputs it, and the recommended content varies from person to person, with thousands of people, and everyone’s content is all original for AI, so that users can talk about tricks and new ideas.

As a well-deserved "leading brother" in the domestic input method field, sogou input method has never stopped the pace of product innovation. Focusing on the vision of making it easier to express and obtain information, sogou first applied AI technology to input method products to help users express more simply, efficiently and interestingly, which not only made the user experience of sogou input method always ahead of the industry, but also laid the leading position of sogou input method in the AI era.

With the launch of the original "help you chat" function, sogou input method once again leads the new direction of AI input. In the future, with AI empowerment, the input method will not only be a tool to improve people’s expression efficiency, but also an essential assistant to improve people’s work efficiency and increase the fun of life.

Shared office is coming： the cost of starting a business by renting a seat is reduced.

　　Lu Yishe (people’s vision)

　　Core reading

　　In the 2017 "Government Work Report", it was proposed to "support and guide the sharing of economic development". At present, bike-sharing and shared cars are developing rapidly, and shared office is also on the rise. So, what is shared office? For enterprises and society, what value and prospect does shared office mean? Please see the reporter’s field investigation in Shanghai.

　　Save money and time.

　　■ A seat can be rented, and startups can also work in the city center.

　　Cheng Yin never thought that the office was done so quickly, and it was in Jing ‘an District in the center of Shanghai!

　　"A person’s office, rent an office? It’s hard to think about it. However, if you find WEWORK, you will get it in one go. " Cheng Yin said with a smile. Cheng Yin’s company is called Miller Mifan Fashion Company, which was established in Hangzhou in the second half of 2014 and entered Shanghai at the end of 2016 to set up a marketing center. Cheng Yin is the first employee. "Fortunately, our founder has long heard of WEWORK and decided to rent it through WEWORK."

　　Online application, on-site viewing, the office of WEWORK Yanping Road attracted Cheng Yin at once: a relaxing office environment, a seat for rent. "It suits me perfectly. As long as I rent a seat, I don’t have to worry about other things anymore!" Cheng Wei said.

　　Cheng Yin rents a seat for more than 3,000 yuan per month, which sounds expensive at first glance. "However, it is still very cost-effective. I only paid a seat fee, but the meeting room and WiFi are free, the tea and coffee in the tea room are free to drink, and each person can have 120 pages of printing opportunities every month, and the electricity and property fees are also free. More importantly, I don’t have to consider renting an office, decorating and buying furniture. How much time has I saved! "

　　The WEWORK rented by Cheng Yin is located in Jing ‘an District, Shanghai, and the daily rent per square meter of the commercial building is 8-mdash; 10 yuan. "But WEWORK makes it easy for a startup to enter the city center!" Member companies can add seats as needed. In less than two months, Cheng Yin, who keeps recruiting new employees, has applied for a quadruple room.

　　Interestingly, individuals can also rent a "farewell dinner" or "mobile station" at WEWORK. "Most of these people are lawyers, accountants, consultants, etc. Their working hours are not fixed and they can come at any time." The staff introduced.

　　Community-oriented

　　■ Share global resources and connect with the international market to form a win-win situation.

　　WEWORK originated in the United States, but because China investment company — — Hony Capital invested in its US headquarters and joined the board of directors, and its development in China has obviously accelerated.

　　In just over a year, WEWORK has taken root in Shanghai, entered Hong Kong and Beijing, and has 8 office buildings all over the country. In Hong Kong, the first WEWORK building in Causeway Bay was nearly 80% as soon as it opened. In Shanghai, the East China Sea Center, which is about to open, has not yet opened, and there is a big customer … …

　　Although the supply of commercial buildings in Shanghai has exceeded the demand, shared office is favored for reducing costs. For example, joining a member rental station in WEWORK saves 30% compared with renting an office independently & mdash; 40% of the cost and the working environment is comfortable.

　　The most important reason lies in its "communization" and "communization". Members enjoy not only seats and public spaces, but also global resources: members can find seats in WEWORK buildings in any country and any city for free, and they can also communicate with 100,000 members around the world at any time to gain potential customers or fans.

　　Cogobuy is an intelligent hardware platform company founded three years ago. Its net name is "Hard Egg" and it has rented 34 workstations in WEWORK. "We hope that through this platform, we can meet international partners and communicate and cooperate with other international members." Zhang Wenzhao of Ketong Core City said.

　　In today’s economic globalization, the connection between international markets is particularly important for many companies. Zhao Linghuan, chairman and CEO of Hony Capital, explained: "It will cost a lot to find someone to design, manufacture, develop and reuse in new york, but if this demand is placed in WEWORK’s online community, it is possible to find a low-cost supplier as far away as Shanghai. On the contrary, so do members in Shanghai. This has formed a win-win situation. "

　　The rise of local sharing

　　■ With the increasing diversity of modes, enterprises can have more suitable choices.

　　Fang Ming and a group of Peking University people founded the "three-care talents" who specialize in recruitment, and settled in the sugar town where they worked together; Teddy (Shanghai) E-commerce Company founded by Yao Zongchang mainly serves people who dry clean clothes, and chose Zhongchuang Space in the Science Park of Shanghai University of Engineering Science to develop from several workstations to more than 500 workstations … … WEWORK is not the only way to share office in Shanghai.

　　Drawing on WEWORK’s model, many shared office spaces have emerged in China, and sugar cube towns and clubs have grown rapidly.

　　Wan Li Jiang, the founder of Sugar Cube Town, said: "WEWORK is the founder of the shared office model. There are many aspects that we are difficult to learn, but the shared office space created locally is also unique."

　　At present, there are generally three ways to share office: creating space, accelerator and joint office. "Many of Zhongchuang Space and Accelerators are start-ups, even in their infancy. Many companies enjoy free workstations and enjoy different services according to different growth progress. Some workstations are properly charged, and they may get more investment because of their development and growth. The main mode of joint shared office is the paid workstation and the public space outside the seat. "

　　WEWORK has many mobile stations, and Sugar Cube Town intends to reduce the number of mobile stations. "Most China members still pay attention to privacy. We are more fixed rooms and are very popular. Also, WEWORK provides free beer, while managers in China don’t want employees to drink alcohol during work, which is basically not provided. " Wan Li Jiang said.

　　No matter how differentiated, local shared office is also trying to reduce the cost of entering enterprises. Wan Li Jiang said, "We regard all the resident members as a team and concentrate on purchasing services. One or two small businesses have no bargaining power, and when we talk about the whole sugar cube town, we talk about the price and the business cost will come down. "

　　Save social costs

　　■ Accelerate the establishment and growth of entrepreneurial and innovative enterprises and create more development opportunities.

　　It’s not just companies that are losing costs. WEWORK investors told reporters a new phenomenon. After the opening of WEWORK’s shared office building in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, a large number of entrepreneurial youths unexpectedly welcomed. Previously, there were few entrepreneurs in Hong Kong. One of the important reasons was that the cost of office business in Hong Kong was too high, and the sharing mode gave young people the opportunity to enter the metropolitan center to work hard.

　　Gong Yan, a professor at China Europe International Business School, believes that the test of the shared office model depends on whether it improves the efficiency of business transactions and reduces transaction costs. Judging from the current situation, shared office is of great significance to these two aspects. With the prosperity of e-commerce, more and more businesses have begun to adjust and absorb more new enterprises and new models through the shared office model to enhance the vitality of the city.

　　Luo Shanying, Party Secretary and Deputy General Manager of Shanghai Zizhu High-tech Zone, said that sharing office reduces the business cost of enterprises, which is just an account of enterprises. More importantly, shared office has accelerated the establishment and growth of entrepreneurial and innovative enterprises, created more development opportunities for society, and reduced more consumption at the same time. This social cost account is more valuable.

　　■ Reporter’s Notes

　　Cost reduction needs model innovation.

　　Just because of the change of office form, new development opportunities have been created and the cost problem has been alleviated to some extent.

　　Reducing costs and increasing efficiency is an eternal proposition in economic development and enterprise operation. This is especially true in the critical period of economic transformation. Lowering the cost a little may bring one more opportunity, a new growth point, or even a new growth pole.

　　However, cost reduction will not happen naturally. In addition to the government’s decentralization, it is also necessary to tap wisdom and find more paths. Shared office is an innovation of market model, which allows more people to obtain better office resources and market resources at lower cost. This makes people firmly believe that reducing costs also requires model innovation.

Sawajiri Erika’s endorsement fee exposes half-naked and attracts gold only to enter Hollywood.

　　　　　　　 Sawajiri Erika, an actress, attended the press conference of Gaoye Youli beauty brand endorsement, which attracted about 250 reporters to report. Apart from the naked scale of the advertisement, she was once "banned" by the firm last year, and now her advertising value is another focus.

　　Before being fired last year, Ying Longhua was one of the spokespersons of kanebo, a well-known Japanese cosmetic brand. According to the person in charge of a well-known advertising company, "the endorsement fee of a well-known cosmetic company is between 30 million and 50 million yen, which is subdivided into 7 million and 80 million yen according to the artist’s debut time, popularity and whether he is a TV drama star. However, advertisers also put many additional conditions on artists, including prohibiting scandals, tanning and tattooing.

　　This time, some media reported that Ying Longhua’s salary was around "200 million yen", considering that she is only 23 years old — — It is still a "Ruoshou" actress, and people in the circle think that "it will not reach the figure of 100 million units" and "it should be around 50 million yen, and now the economy is in recession".

　　At the press conference, the representative of Gaoye Youli Club said that "Yinglong Hua didn’t ask for the film fee, and the two sides reached a consensus readily on the endorsement fee". It is understood that Yinglong Hua is willing to "condescend" to accept the low-cost film fee in order to prepare for the future entry into Hollywood. "Now, the living expenses in Spain with her husband, the huge burden of attending English and performing courses, etc., all need to reserve funds in advance."

　　The selection of spokespersons for Gaoye Youli brand has always been controversial. In the 1990s, Seiko Matsuda, who was deeply involved in the scandal, and Ryoko Yonekura &hellip, who broke up with Kabuki actor Ichikawa Ebizou shortly; … Several times caused a sensation in the world.

　　A well-known brand company, which has always been a "sworn enemy" with Takano Tomori, is not to be outdone. In order to compete with its "topical spokesperson", during the World Cup, Beckhams, beauty skier Uemura Aiko and even Kimura Takuya of national group SMAP were invited to appear in advertisements.

　　In addition, it is worth mentioning that it is still unknown whether the adventure of launching Yinglong Hua, which is famous for its arrogance, will be a "loss-making business", because Yinglong Hua, who made it public at the press conference and will not withdraw the "six rules for interviewing" sent to major media before, will continue to be treated coldly by TV stations, newspapers and other media in the future. In an interview with the weekly magazine, the person in charge of Takano Youli admitted that "when Yinglong Hua was announced as the brand’s new spokesperson, it received 100 complaints from customers". Whether Yinglonghua can "generate income" for the brand can only be seen.

More wonderful pictures on the next page

Report： the number of netizens reached 829 million, and the Internet penetration rate was 59.6%.

　　On February 28th, 2019, China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) released the 43rd Statistical Report on Internet Development in China. The report focuses on five aspects: Internet infrastructure, Internet application development, government application development, industrial and technological development and Internet security, and strives to comprehensively reflect the development of China’s Internet in 2018 through multi-angle and all-round data display.

　　The amount of basic resources has steadily increased, and IPv6 has broad application prospects.

　　As of December 2018, the number of IPv6 addresses in China was 41,079 /32, with an annual growth rate of 75.3%; The total number of domain names is 37.928 million, of which the total number of ".CN" domain names is 21.243 million, accounting for 56.0% of the total number of domain names. In terms of IPv6, China is continuously promoting the large-scale deployment of IPv6, further standardizing the IPv6 address allocation and traceability mechanism, effectively improving the IPv6 security capability, and thus promoting the comprehensive application of IPv6; In terms of domain names, in 2018, China’s high-performance domain name resolution technology continued to develop, new breakthroughs were made in the research and development of independent intellectual property software, and the ability to localize and customize domain name service security policies was further enhanced, thus significantly improving the service capability and security guarantee capability of China’s domain name service system.

　　The Internet penetration rate is close to 60%, and the access threshold is further lowered.

　　By December 2018, the number of Internet users in China had reached 829 million, with a penetration rate of 59.6%, up 3.8 percentage points from the end of 2017, with 56.53 million new Internet users. The number of mobile Internet users in China reached 817 million, and the proportion of Internet users accessing through mobile phones reached 98.6%, with 64.33 million new mobile Internet users in the whole year. In 2018, the internet coverage was further expanded, and the "last mile" of network infrastructure in poverty-stricken areas was gradually opened.

　　The "digital divide" has been bridged quickly; Mobile traffic charges have dropped sharply, and inter-provincial "roaming" has become history, the threshold for residents to access the network has been further lowered, and the efficiency of information exchange has been improved.

　　The first law in the field of e-commerce was promulgated, and the industry accelerated the conversion of kinetic energy.

　　As of December 2018, the number of online shopping users in China reached 610 million, with an annual growth rate of 14.4% and a utilization rate of 73.6%. The first law in the field of electronic commerce, the Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China, was officially promulgated, which is of great significance to promoting the sustained and healthy development of the industry. After years of rapid development, the online consumer market has gradually entered the development stage of upgrading, and the "double upgrade" at both ends of supply and demand is becoming a new round of driving force for industry growth. On the supply side, online and offline resources are accelerating integration, and new models such as social e-commerce and quality e-commerce continue to enrich consumption scenarios and drive the transformation and upgrading of the retail industry; Technologies such as big data and blockchain are deeply applied to effectively improve operational efficiency. On the demand side, the trend of consumption upgrading remains unchanged, and the characteristics of consumption stratification are increasingly prominent, further promoting market diversification.

On January 16th, in Wuma Commercial Street, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, shoppers paid by "brushing their faces". Photo courtesy/vision china

　　Offline payment habits continued to consolidate, and the international payment market accelerated.

　　By the end of December 2018, the number of mobile internet payment users in China reached 583 million, with an annual growth rate of 10.7%, and the utilization rate of mobile internet users reached 71.4%. The habit of offline online payment continued to consolidate, and the proportion of netizens using mobile phone online payment increased from 65.5% at the end of 2017 to 67.2%. In terms of cross-border payment, Alipay and WeChat payment have been accessed in compliance in more than 40 countries and regions respectively; In terms of overseas localized payment, Chinese enterprises have operated localized digital wallet products in nine Asian countries and regions.

　　Internet entertainment has entered a standardized development track, and the utilization rate of short video users is nearly 80%

　　By December 2018, the number of users of online video, online music and online games was 612 million, 576 million and 484 million, respectively, and the utilization rates were 73.9%, 69.5% and 58.4%, respectively. Major online video platforms pay attention to the improvement of program content quality, and self-made content moves towards quality. With the deepening of copyright cooperation among online music enterprises, the process of copyright legalization of digital music has been significantly accelerated. More and more game companies have begun to focus on overseas business, and the influence of domestic games in overseas markets has further expanded. The number of short video users reached 648 million, and the user utilization rate was 78.2%. With the deployment of short videos by many Internet companies, the market maturity gradually improved, and the professionalism and verticality of content production deepened, and high-quality content became the core competitiveness of each platform.

　　The efficiency of online government services has been improved, and the people-oriented development concept has been practiced.

　　As of December 2018, the number of online government service users in China reached 394 million, accounting for 47.5% of the total netizens. By the end of December 2018, there were 17,962 government websites in China, and the cumulative number of users of WeChat city service reached 570 million. The number of government agencies Weibo certified by Sina platform reached 138,253, and 78,180 government headlines were opened by party and government organs at all levels … In 2018, China’s "Internet+government services" deepened, and governments at all levels relied on the online government service platform to promote online and offline integration. Real-time import of online declaration, queuing appointment, examination and approval results and other information, strengthen the construction of a national unified and multi-level interconnected data sharing and exchange platform, and realize "people running less errands" by "letting data run more". At the same time, all localities have successively started the construction of county-level media integration centers, including all media units such as county radio and television stations, county party newspapers and county-owned websites, and taking charge of all information publishing services in the county, so as to realize centralized and unified management of resources, high-quality information and standardized service, better convey government information and serve the local people.

On June 30, 2018, Dandong, Liaoning Province, fans who rushed to the scene to watch the live broadcast of Modern Brothers crowded Anton Old Street. Photo courtesy/vision china

　　The emerging technology field maintains a good development momentum and opens up a new situation in building a network power.

　　In 2018, China’s development momentum in basic resources, 5G, quantum information, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data, blockchain, virtual reality, Internet of Things logo, supercomputing and other fields is improving. In the field of 5G, breakthroughs have been made in the research and development of core technologies, and government and enterprises have joined forces to promote the steady development of the industry; In the field of artificial intelligence, the ability of scientific and technological innovation has been strengthened, and local plans and policies have been promulgated one after another, effectively promoting the deep integration of artificial intelligence and economic and social development; In the field of cloud computing, the Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of a new generation of information industry represented by it, enterprises actively promote strategic layout, and cloud computing services have gradually been recognized and accepted by the domestic market.

　　interlinkage

　　Basic data (as of December 2018)

　　The number of netizens reached 829 million, with 56.53 million new netizens in the whole year, and the Internet penetration rate was 59.6%, an increase of 3.8 percentage points over the end of 2017.

　　The number of mobile phone users reached 817 million, with 64.33 million new mobile phone users in the whole year.

　　The number of rural netizens reached 222 million, accounting for 26.7% of the total netizens, an increase of 12.91 million compared with the end of 2017, with a growth rate of 6.2%; The Internet penetration rate in rural areas was 38.4%, up 3.0 percentage points from the end of 2017.

　　98.6% netizens use mobile phones to surf the Internet, 48.0% use desktop computers and 35.9% use notebook computers, and 31.1% use TV to surf the Internet.

　　The number of IPv6 addresses is 41,079 blocks /32, an increase of 75.3% compared with the end of 2017. The total number of ".CN" domain names is 21.243 million, an increase of 1.9% compared with the end of 2017, accounting for 56.0% of the total number of domain names in China. China’s international export bandwidth is 8,946,570Mbps, with an annual growth rate of 22.2%.

　　The number of instant messaging users reached 792 million, and the proportion of netizens was 95.6%.

　　Mobile instant messaging users reached 780 million, accounting for 95.5% of mobile Internet users.

　　The number of online news users reached 675 million, an increase of 4.3% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens used was 81.4%;

　　The number of news users on mobile phone network reached 653 million, accounting for 79.9% of mobile phone users, with an annual growth rate of 5.4%.

　　The number of online shopping users reached 610 million, an increase of 14.4% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens was 73.6%;

　　The number of mobile online shopping users reached 592 million, accounting for 72.5% of mobile internet users, with an annual growth rate of 17.1%.

　　The number of online takeaway users reached 406 million, an increase of 18.2% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens was 49.0%;

　　The number of mobile phone online take-out users reached 397 million, accounting for 48.6% of mobile phone users, with an annual growth rate of 23.2%.

　　The number of online payment users reached 600 million, an increase of 13.0% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens used was 72.5%;

　　The scale of mobile phone network payment users reached 583 million, accounting for 71.4% of mobile phone netizens, with an annual growth rate of 10.7%.

　　The number of online video users reached 612 million, an increase of 33.09 million compared with the end of 2017, accounting for 73.9% of the total netizens;

　　The number of mobile phone network video users reached 590 million, an increase of 41.01 million compared with the end of 2017, accounting for 72.2% of mobile phone netizens.

　　The number of short video users reached 648 million, and the proportion of netizens was 78.2%.

　　The number of online government service users reached 394 million, accounting for 47.5% of the total netizens.

Raiders of werewolf killing： a detailed explanation of the camp division of werewolf killing chaos

As we all know, werewolf killing is a camp confrontation game, and 90% of the werewolf killing games will show the confrontation between the good camp and the werewolf camp. So besides the good camp and the werewolf camp, is there any other camp for werewolf killing? We can definitely tell you that the division of the werewolf killing camp is actually not that simple. Let’s take the popular pocket werewolf killing in the market as an example to sort out the chaotic division of the werewolf killing camp!


(werewolf killing)

1. What are the roles of werewolf killing?

This article involves this werewolf killing, which has a total of 17 commonly used characters. Let’s take you to a brief understanding of these 17 characters first.

1. Villagers


(werewolf kills villagers)

The extremely common character is also a character with a large number of players in the werewolf killing game. Twelve players will occupy one-third of the players in the game. He has no skills, but he can only survive by watching the water, find wolves and exile werewolves by voting and speaking.

2. Prophet


(werewolf kills prophet)

Have the ability to identify the role, but lack the ability to self-identify, through the 12-player game, there is only one player. Because of its skills, the prophet becomes a beacon for good people, and it is the support point of the logical reasoning of the whole werewolf killing.

3. Witch


(werewolf kills witch)

As a member of the werewolf killing, the antidote and poison endow her with endless abilities, and she has the ability to heal the wounded and rescue the dying and help the righteous. She belongs to a clerical role, and she often plays the winner in the werewolf killing game, which is the most hated and primary killing target of werewolves.

4. Hunters


(werewolf kills hunter)

The werewolf kills one of the clerical roles. He is overbearing and relatively blind, and belongs to the role of closing his eyes. Usually, he should be cautious in using his skills. When the hunter dies (excluding the witch poisoning and the White Wolf King taking him away), you can use your skills to drive away any player on the field.

5. Idiot


(werewolf kills idiot)

The werewolf kills one of the clergy roles, and has the passive skill of "innocent if he doesn’t know". Because he is a close-eyed player, he is just like a civilian. He only needs to be a senior civilian in the whole process, and it is also the most difficult clerical role for werewolves to find. Idiots can remain on the court after being pushed out by resistance during the day, but they will lose their voting rights.

6. Guard


(werewolf kills guard)

The werewolf kills one of the clergy roles, the patron saint of good people, and has a strong defensive ability, but his skills conflict with the witch’s antidote. Therefore, under the current trend, he chooses the empty guard on the first night to avoid the failure of defending and saving with the witch’s antidote. He can guard a player every night, but he can’t guard the same player for two consecutive nights. The guarded player will not be killed by the werewolf.

7. Cupid


(werewolf kills Cupid)

Cupid, also known as Cupid, is a special role in the werewolf killing. When the couples he connects are in the same camp, he belongs to the good camp. When the couple is a good man and a werewolf, he will form a third party camp with the couple. At the beginning, any two players (including themselves) are designated as lovers. When one of the lovers dies, the other will be double suicide automatically.

8. Old drunkard


(werewolf kills old drunkard)

The werewolf killed one of the clerical roles. He won’t be tempted by wolves. Poisoned by a witch or shot by a hunter will take effect one day later, which is regarded as eating skills at the same time the next day and dying before voting after speaking.

9. Money Mouse

The werewolf killed one of the clerical roles. Have 7 copper coins, villagers die, copper coins -1; Clerical death, copper coin -2; Copper coin =0, the money mouse dies. The last one opened his eyes at night and learned the remaining copper coins.

10. Werewolves


(werewolf kills werewolf)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. The main ways of playing are usually fierce jump, barb, yin-yang barb, deep water and so on. Werewolves can choose to attack a player every night.

11, thick-skinned Wolf


(werewolf kills thick-skinned wolf)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. When you are killed by a hunter at night, you have to kill it once more (except when you are poisoned, voted out, and shot and killed by a hunter during the day).

12. Wolf Beauty


(werewolf kills wolf beauty)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. In addition to the werewolf ability, one player can be charmed every night. When the wolf beauty dies, the charmed player will be martyred that night. The wolf beauty can’t blow herself up or kill herself, and can’t charm the same player for two consecutive nights.

13. White Wolf King


(werewolf kills white wolf king)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. In addition to the werewolf ability, you can take a player with you at any time during the day (not used in voting and last words).

14. Bear


(werewolf kills bear)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. At dawn, if there is a werewolf among the adjacent players of the bear, God declares that "the bear growls"; If there is no werewolf, God declares that "the bear has not growled". If the bear dies or is frozen, it can’t roar (if the adjacent player of the bear dies, it will be postponed to the surviving players on both sides).

15. Big cock


(The werewolf kills the rooster)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. If the rooster is killed by a werewolf at night, it will skip a day and go straight into the night.

16. Little Sheep


(The werewolf kills the lamb)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. No special skills, mainly rely on reasoning analysis to find werewolves.

17. Penguin


(werewolf kills penguin)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. One player can be frozen every night, and the frozen player can’t start skills that night. You cannot freeze the same player twice in a game.

Second, the division of the lineup and the roles involved

The werewolf killing game is mostly divided into a good man camp and a werewolf camp, but if Cupid appears, it will be decided whether there will be a third party camp according to the situation. If there is an animal bureau, there will be an animal camp, which is similar to the traditional good man camp.


(werewolf killing camp division)

1. Good people camp

Including villagers, witches, prophets, idiots, guards, old drunkards, hunters, money rats and cupid (lovers are inhuman wolves), the winning condition is to get rid of all werewolves.

2. Werewolf camp

It includes four characters: werewolf, wolf beauty, white wolf king and thick-skinned wolf. The winning condition is to kill all civilians or priests. Of course, some of them demand a massacre.

3. Crazy Zoo

Including lambs, bears, penguins and roosters, the winning condition is to get rid of all werewolves.

4. Special third-party camp

When the lovers linked by Cupid are in love with wolves, they will form a third-party camp of three people together with the lovers, and the winning condition is to kill all the characters in the non-third-party camp.

The above is the camp division rules about the werewolf killing game. Please lock this site for more werewolf killing raiders. This site will continue to output high-quality articles about the werewolf killing to help novice werewolf killing players better understand this game.

Practice nurses teach, do this!

NEW　

Clinical practice is the last stage of school education, an important part of nursing teaching, a process in which students combine theoretical knowledge with clinical practice, a process in which knowledge is transformed into ability, a process in which a student is transformed into a qualified nurse, a deepening and continuation of school education, and a first step for them to step out of campus and move towards a sacred "angels in white" job.

In order to adapt to the new nursing teaching reform, improve the ability of practice nurses to learn and solve problems in clinical work, and combine theory with practice, clinical practice is a key stage to train nursing students.　

How to make corresponding teaching plan according to the characteristics of modern nursing students, so that nursing students can grow into a qualified nursing staff with strict working attitude, superb nursing skills and love for nursing, is the unshirkable responsibility of each of our teaching teachers. In these days when I was in contact with the nursing students, I was moved by their desire to study. As a teaching teacher, I felt that my burden was heavy and my responsibility was heavy. I would like to talk about the following experiences:

First, improve their overall quality　

As a teaching teacher, we should have good quality of nurses and professional ethics, certain teaching skills, high ideological awareness, rich clinical experience, solid theoretical foundation and skilled nursing technology. Therefore, we should learn endlessly, arm ourselves with knowledge, improve the theoretical level and teaching management ability, and update the nursing concept. With the development of nursing discipline and the change of nursing mode, it is required that the teaching teachers must first update their knowledge, teach basic knowledge, basic theory and basic skills, and at the same time, carry out teaching through the patient-centered theme.　

38021669418057292

2611669418057672

31451669418057873

Second, understand the meaning and responsibility

　1. Significance　

(1) Instruct nurses to master the basic theory and practical skills necessary for clinical practice as soon as possible. Nursing work is very practical, and the improvement of clinical practice ability is inseparable from teaching.

(2) Help nursing students adapt to the role change from study life to clinic as soon as possible, and shorten the "maladjustment period" in the face of environmental changes.

(3) To urge nursing students to cultivate nursing theoretical concepts in their study and life. In clinical practice, we can deepen our understanding and improve our realm, experience ordinary values in nursing work, be firm and selfless in dedication and positive professional ethics, and strengthen the ideological basis of dedication to nursing.

(4) Improve the guidance and evaluation ability of teachers, and provide training opportunities for clinical nursing backbones.　

2. Responsibility　

Every nurse has an initial experience, but gradually forgets her own embarrassment and regret as time goes by. They need their own supporters, so it is very necessary to get along with the care, support and understanding given by the teaching teachers, which is the responsibility of clinical teaching.

Third, do a good job in professional ethics education

Nursing work directly serves people’s life and health, and nurses’ moral standards directly control and influence nursing behavior, and have an impact on patients’ physiology and psychology. The establishment of good "cautious independence" consciousness has contributed to good medical ethics behavior to a great extent. In order to better protect the rights and interests of patients and nurses, it is of great significance to cultivate the consciousness of "being cautious and independent" among nursing students, to improve the quality and accomplishment of intern nurses, to reduce medical disputes and to deliver high-quality nursing talents for medical institutions at all levels.

We should cultivate nursing students’ rigorous working attitude, exquisite nursing technology, conscientious and diligent work style; At the same time, practice nurses should be made clear about the basic conditions, obligations and requirements of being a qualified nurse, and provide patients with "five hearts" service, that is, enthusiastic reception, careful diagnosis and treatment, careful nursing, patient explanation and open mind in soliciting opinions; There should also be education about not being afraid of dirty, tired, suffering and nurse etiquette.　

Fourth, do a good job in introducing the environment and entering the subject　　

Nurse interns have just arrived in a strange environment, and their clinical work is like a blank sheet of paper, so we should make a good introduction to the environment and entering the department.

During the pre-job training, we should educate the intern nurses about the basic situation of the hospital, the ward environment, the location of the auxiliary departments of the hospital, various rules and regulations and responsibilities, and disease routines, so that the intern nurses can correctly understand themselves, try to adjust their emotions, maintain a positive attitude, eliminate feelings of inferiority, nervousness and depression, and enter the role of nurses as soon as possible.　

In the training, the teaching teacher introduces the ward environment, ward structure, professional characteristics of departments, the writing of nursing documents, the characteristics of medication, the location and related requirements of treatment rooms, disposal rooms, rescue drugs, articles and equipment, as well as the situation of medical staff and patients, so that they can familiarize themselves with the working environment as soon as possible, increase their self-confidence and lay a good foundation for internship.　

20251669418058020

48161669418058075

Fifth, strengthen clinical teaching,cultivateintern　Practical work ability　

1. Under the guidance of teachers, nursing students should ask more questions, watch more, learn more and practice more.So as to acquire knowledge consciously; Teaching teachers play a leading role in setting an example, and should teach nursing students the key points and difficulties of nursing, the new progress of related disciplines, new technologies and the knowledge of preventing nursing safety in a targeted, purposeful and enlightening way; At the same time, we should take the initiative to care for and help them in life, and familiarize nursing students with various nursing techniques as soon as possible without looking at them, so that they can be edified by correct values and outlook on life at the initial stage of entering society.　

2, cultivate the ability to work independently:Let nursing students take charge of 3-4 patients, evaluate, diagnose, plan and implement them from admission to discharge, and use communication skills to get familiar with patients’ needs, so as to enter the role of nurses and deepen their understanding of holistic nursing, so that nursing students can learn consciously, actively and creatively. Give guidance and correct the incorrect places, and help nursing students to improve their practical operation level, practical ability and problem-solving ability in a short time.

3. Two-way evaluation of teaching and learning:Take morning shift, nursing rounds, business study, operation training and other forms for clinical teaching, ask questions and check at any time, and analyze and summarize the mistakes in time. After the internship, according to the characteristics of each department, the teaching teacher will conduct operation and theoretical tests on the nursing students, sign the intern appraisal and submit it to the nursing department, and collect the nursing students’ feedback opinions on the teaching methods and teachers in time; In order to guide the teaching work in a targeted manner and establish a truly personalized and humanized communication between teachers and students.

4, strengthen the management of clinical nursing teaching, and hold regular nursing students’ discussion to praise and encourage outstanding nursing students.Give patient education to their shortcomings and deficiencies, and timely solve the problems, opinions and suggestions put forward by nursing students, so as to mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of nursing students and promote the further improvement of nursing clinical teaching level.　

In short, it is our responsibility to do a good job in teaching. We should first strengthen the cultivation of teachers’ comprehensive quality. At the same time, in clinical teaching, we should integrate nursing students’ theory with practice, adapt to their roles as soon as possible, mobilize their enthusiasm for learning, improve their ability to find, analyze and solve problems, and make them smoothly go to the front line of clinic and become a high-quality nursing talent.

Source: Nurse Network

[Copyright Description] The copyright belongs to the original author, and it is for learning reference only. It is forbidden to be used for commercial purposes. If the source is marked incorrectly or infringes your rights, please let us know and we will delete it immediately.

Peng Yongtao： The service industry is running steadily and improving, and the role of modern service industry is highlighted.

　　Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have resolutely implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, made efforts to expand domestic demand and optimize the economic structure, and the service industry economy has achieved steady and rapid growth, and its contribution to economic growth has continued to increase, service demand has been accelerated, emerging service industries have grown rapidly, and market expectations have generally improved.

?

　　First, the service industry continues to improve, and the pulling effect is constantly increasing.

?

　　The service industry economy has accelerated its recovery. Preliminary accounting, in the first three quarters, the added value of service industry530651100 million yuan, a year-on-year increase4.7%. The proportion of added value of service industry in GDP is55.9%, up from the same period of last year.0.3Percentage points, the contribution rate to national economic growth is53.9%, stimulate GDP growth.2.6Percentage points. Among them, in the third quarter, the added value of service industry181005100 million yuan, a year-on-year increase4.8%, faster than the second quarter.0.6Percentage points.9In September, the service industry production index increased year-on-year.5.1%, than8Speed up the month0.5Percentage points.

?

　　The production and operation of enterprises continued to improve.one—8In September, the operating income of service enterprises above designated size increased year on year.7.7%, thanone—sevenMonthly increase0.3Percentage points, of which leasing and business services industries maintained rapid growth;35There are three industry categories.33Each industry is profitable, and the industry is profitable.94.3%, thanone—sevenMonthly increase2.9Percentage points.

?

　　Trade in services has grown rapidly.one—8Total import and export of services in June48865.6100 million yuan, a year-on-year increase14.3%The import and export of travel services increased year-on-year.45.0%, the largest field of service trade.one—8In September, the execution amount of service outsourcing undertaken by Chinese enterprises increased year on year.14.4%Among them, information technology research and development services, design services and maintenance services grew rapidly, and the implementation amount increased respectively year-on-year22.2%、22.1%和15.8%.

?

　　Second, the modern service industry is growing well, and the pace of transformation and upgrading is accelerating.

?

　　The modern service industry is booming. In the first three quarters, the added value of information transmission software and information technology services, leasing and business services, and financial services increased respectively year-on-year.11.3%、10.1%和5.2%, to promote the growth of added value of service industry.2.4Percentage points, to provide strong support for accelerating the formation of new quality productivity. In the third quarter, the added value of information transmission software and information technology services, leasing and business services, and financial services increased respectively year-on-year.10.0%、10.8%和6.2%, to promote the growth of added value of service industry.2.4Percentage points.9In September, the production indexes of information transmission software and information technology services, leasing and business services, and financial industry increased respectively year-on-year.11.4%、9.7%和6.5%.

?

　　Endogenous kinetic energy has developed and grown. In terms of investment, in the first three quarters, the investment in fixed assets of high-tech service industry increased year-on-year.11.4%, accounting for the proportion of fixed assets investment in all service industries4.8%. Among them, fixed assets investment in e-commerce services, scientific and technological achievements transformation services, research and development and design services increased respectively year-on-year.14.8%、14.8%和13.7%. In terms of consumption, retail sales of services increased year-on-year in the first three quarters.6.7%, higher than the growth rate of retail sales in the same period.3.7Percentage points; The per capita service consumption expenditure of national residents increased year-on-year7.6%, accounting for the proportion of per capita consumption expenditure of residents is47.0%, higher than the first half of the year.1.4Percentage points. From the perspective of industry,one—8In January, the operating income of high-tech service enterprises and strategic emerging service enterprises above designated size increased respectively year-on-year.9.5%和7.8%The growth rate is higher than that of all listed service enterprises.1.8和0.1Percentage points; The operating income of enterprises above designated size in science and technology service industry, science popularization and application service industry increased respectively year-on-year.8.3%和11.6%.

?

　　Integration, development and acceleration. Digital technology innovates consumption scenarios, and its integration with the real economy continues to deepen, promoting market sales growth. In the first three quarters, the online retail sales of physical goods increased year on year.7.9%, accounting for the proportion of total retail sales of consumer goods25.7%. Industrial Internet promotes the level of industrial intelligence and digitalization.one—8In January, the operating income of enterprises with integrated circuit design and Internet production service platforms above designated size increased respectively year-on-year.30.0%和18.3%. Cultural tourism is deeply integrated, and large-scale performances are deeply linked with scenic resources around the country to stimulate new potential of tourism consumption. In the first three quarters, the e-commerce transaction volume of tourism and entertainment services increased year-on-year.15.3%.one—8In January, the operating income of travel agencies above designated size and related services and leisure and sightseeing enterprises increased respectively year-on-year.28.5%和9.6%.

?

　　Third, positive factors are increasing, and market expectations continue to improve.

?

　　Recently, with a series of policy "combination boxing" efforts, confidence in the capital market and real estate market has been enhanced.9月份，沪深股市股票成交量和股票成交额分别由8月份同比下降15.3%和31.0%转为同比增长32.7%和4.9%；9月份，房地产业生产指数同比下降2.2%，降幅连续5个月收窄。

?

　　9月份，服务业业务活动预期指数为54.6%，其中零售、铁路运输、航空运输、邮政、电信广播电视及卫星传输服务、货币金融服务等行业业务活动预期指数位于55%以上较高景气区间，企业对近期行业发展较为乐观。

?

　　总体来看，前三季度服务业经济运行稳中向好，随着各项已有政策和一揽子增量政策效应不断显现，经济发展的活力和动力将进一步释放，市场信心有望继续增强，服务业经济平稳运行的基础将不断夯实。下阶段，要狠抓政策落地见效，积极培育服务业新动能，加快构建优质高效的服务业新体系，推动服务业发展的质量和效率继续提升。

?

　　（作者系国家统计局服务业调查中心主任）

?

　　（原文链接：http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/gdxw/202410/18/t20241018_39173114.shtml）

??

On January 1st, 2020, China adjusted import tariffs on some commodities.

On January 1st, 2020, China adjusted import tariffs on some commodities.
Expanding imports, people choose more.

In order to actively expand imports, stimulate import potential and optimize import structure, China will implement a provisional import tax rate lower than the MFN rate for more than 850 commodities from January 1, 2020.

Among the four types of tax rates involved in this tariff adjustment plan, the most-favored-nation tax rate, agreed tax rate and preferential tax rate are implemented step by step according to the multilateral tariff agreements and trade preferential arrangements that have entered into force. The provisional tax rate adjustment is implemented according to the needs of domestic development.

What impact does this tariff adjustment have on residents’ lives and the development of related industries and industries? What role does it play in promoting China’s opening up? The reporter interviewed relevant experts and scholars.

Promote a higher level of opening up.

According to the negotiation results of expanding the product range of information technology agreements under the WTO framework, on July 1, 2020, China implemented the fifth step of reducing the MFN tax rate of some information technology products.

Experts said that in December 2015, 24 WTO members, including China, the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea, reached an agreement on expanding the product range of the Information Technology Agreement, and gradually canceled the import tariffs on 201 information technology expanded products according to the most-favored-nation treatment principle. These products mainly include information and communication products, semiconductors and their production equipment, audio-visual products, medical devices, instruments and meters, etc. The annual global trade volume is about 1.3 trillion US dollars, and the trade volume of these products in China accounts for about a quarter of the world. From September 2016 to July 2019, China has successively implemented four steps of tax reduction according to the agreement. The fifth step of tax reduction involves 176 products. After the tax reduction, the tax rate of most products has been lower, for example, the tax rate of rangefinders has been reduced from 3% to 1.5%, and the tax rate of color B-ultrasound has been reduced from 2.5% to 1.9%.

Experts said that the smooth implementation of this achievement will help Chinese enterprises using information technology products to reduce costs, improve production efficiency and move towards high-end industries, and will also effectively promote the development of global trade, investment and information technology.

According to the free trade agreements or preferential trade arrangements signed between China and relevant countries or regions, in 2020, China will continue to implement the agreed tax rate on some commodities originating in 23 countries or regions. Among them, the free trade agreements between China and New Zealand, Peru, Costa Rica, Switzerland, Iceland, Singapore, Australia, South Korea, Georgia, Chile and Pakistan and the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement have been further reduced.

Experts said that on December 1, 2019, the second phase protocol of the China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement came into effect, and the tariff concessions will be implemented from January 1, 2020. This is not only an important measure to implement the consensus of the leaders of the two countries and further enrich and enrich the all-weather strategic partnership between China and Pakistan, but also a vivid practice to promote the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative and build a community of human destiny.

The preferential tariff rate involved in this tariff adjustment refers to the tax rate applied to unilaterally give special preferential tariff treatment to the least developed countries concerned. In 2020, except for Equatorial Guinea, which graduated from the least developed countries for three years and stopped enjoying preferential treatment, other least developed countries that have established diplomatic relations with China and completed the exchange of letters will continue to enjoy preferential zero-tariff treatment.

Better meet the needs of people’s lives

The provisional import tax adjustment in 2020 will appropriately reduce the tariffs on some consumer goods to better meet people’s living needs.

First, the provisional import tax rate for frozen pork is reduced from the current 12% to 8%, aiming at promoting the domestic pork market to increase supply. At the same time, in order to support the domestic pig industry to resume production, in 2020, we will continue to implement zero tariffs on miscellaneous meals involving 10 tax items.

The second is to implement zero tariffs on some drugs and APIs to further reduce the drug burden of patients with chronic diseases.

In this tentative tax rate adjustment plan, zero tariffs will be imposed on drugs for treating asthma and raw materials for producing new diabetes drugs, such as Engelgin, Liggliptin and Vigliptin. Experts said that at present, COPD has become a chronic disease equivalent to hypertension and diabetes, and the demand for drugs is increasing. Implementing zero tariffs on these drugs and APIs can reduce the burden of patients.

The third is to reduce the import tariffs on some fruits and juices, and further enrich the people’s dining tables.

From 2016 to 2018, China’s provisional import tax rate on fresh avocados was reduced to 7% twice. From 2020, the import tariff rate of frozen avocados will be reduced from 30% to 7%, which is consistent with the tax rate of fresh avocados, enriching the varieties of imported avocados in the domestic market.

From 2020, China will reduce the import tariff of large packaged non-frozen orange juice from 30% to 15%. According to industry insiders, this adjustment not only considers reducing the production cost of beverage enterprises, but also takes into account the development of domestic fruit planting industry.

Boost high-quality economic development

Appropriately reduce import tariffs on advanced technologies, equipment, spare parts and raw materials, and promote high-quality economic development. In 2020, the tariffs on products such as semiconductor testing sorting and braiding machine, ferroniobium, hydraulic torque converter and aluminum valve core for automatic transmission of some motor vehicles, dispersion liquid for photoresist and culture medium will be reduced. Experts pointed out that the implementation of the provisional tax rate for these products is conducive to the development of high-tech industries such as integrated circuits, aerospace, automobiles, communications, electronics and biology, and helps the transformation and upgrading of related industries.

Wu Songquan, chief expert of China Automotive Technology and Research Center, believes that hydraulic torque converter and high-precision aluminum valve core are key core components of automotive automatic transmission, but there is a big quality gap between domestic products and similar foreign products at present, and the whole industry still has to rely heavily on imports. The implementation of the provisional tax rate on the import of these two auto parts can reduce the import cost, help reduce the price of domestic automatic transmissions and improve market competitiveness. "The implementation of the provisional tax rate has also sent a clear signal that the state will adopt various means including tariffs to promote the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry and high-quality development." Wu Songquan said.

Culture medium is an important raw material for the development of biomedicine, and antibody biopharmaceuticals produced by culture medium have special effects on the treatment of major diseases such as tumors. After the implementation of the universal two-child policy in China, residents’ demand for assisted reproductive media has also increased rapidly. Experts said that because the domestic production technology is still immature, the current culture medium mainly depends on imports. Reducing the import tariff of culture medium from 3% to 2% from 2020 will be beneficial to drug innovation and biotechnology development in China.

Protect the environment, reduce import tariffs on some wood and paper products, and cancel the provisional import tax rate on solid waste and broken materials. From 2020, China will set a provisional import tax rate for more than 150 kinds of wood and paper products, which will be reduced from about 5.3% to about 3.2%, involving fiberboard, plywood, particleboard, wood floor, cork products, corrugated base paper and kraft paper.

Experts pointed out that wood and paper products are renewable resource products, which consume energy and water in the processing process, and are prone to dust and other problems, polluting the environment. Due to the rapid development of express delivery industry, the demand for packaging materials for paper products in China has soared in recent years. Setting a tentative tax rate is conducive to saving domestic timber resources, protecting the environment, introducing foreign products, making the domestic market more competitive, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of domestic forest products and paper industry.

At the same time, in order to protect the safety of ecological environment and people’s health, since January 1, 2020, China has deleted tungsten scrap and niobium scrap from the scope of application of the current provisional import tax rate. After the cancellation, the import tax rate of these two kinds of goods has increased from 1% to 3%. (Reporter Qu Zhehan)

National vegetable prices have fallen seasonally, and residents’ ＂food baskets＂ have a stable price.

CCTV News:Pay attention to the price of "vegetable basket". According to the latest data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the national vegetable basket index in November was 116.43, down 2.13 points from the previous month and 10.27 points from the same period of last year, among which vegetable prices showed a seasonal decline.

In November, the national average wholesale price of 28 kinds of vegetables monitored by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs was 4.58 yuan per kilogram, down 5.8% from the previous month and up 6.5% year-on-year. In terms of varieties, the chain price dropped by 19 kinds and rose by 9 kinds. Among them, spinach, Chinese cabbage and lettuce are the varieties with large decline.

Zhang Jing, chief vegetable analyst of the agricultural products market analysis and early warning team of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:The seasonal decline of vegetable prices is mainly due to the good weather in autumn, the overall climatic conditions are suitable for vegetable growth, and the yield of vegetables has increased greatly, especially Chinese cabbage, with an increase of about 20%.

According to reports, in November, the area of vegetables in the country increased by more than 1% year-on-year, and the output of vegetables such as green onions and white radishes increased rapidly. Coupled with the centralized listing of vegetables from many producing areas, prices declined. Experts predict that as the temperature drops, vegetable production will change from open field to greenhouse, and the planting cost will increase. In addition, New Year’s Day, Spring Festival and other peak consumption seasons are coming, and the increase in demand will prompt vegetable prices to rebound.

Zhang Jing, chief vegetable analyst of the agricultural products market analysis and early warning team of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:In the later period, the vegetable market supply turned to the stage of "transporting vegetables from south to north", the trans-regional transportation cost rose, the vegetable production turned to the winter mode, the vegetable facilities in Huanghuaihai and Bohai Rim gradually increased, and the production cost of facilities rose. It is expected that the vegetable prices will gradually turn to seasonal upward in the later period.