标签： 上海娱乐地图

　　[Pacific Auto Network Technology Channel]What is it? Can realize the automobileSpeed change, torque change, direction change and on-off powerThe device is the transmission. The first car in the world was born in 1886, and the first transmission appeared soon after. It can be said that the development of transmission and automobile are synchronous. At first glance, E-, maybe everyone will naturally think of CVT, that is, CVT. Functionally speaking, E-CVT does have the function of stepless speed change, but structurally speaking, the difference between them is too great. It can even be said that there are two types of transmissions, one is E-CVT and the other is other transmissions.

● Introduction of E-CVT

　　At the beginning, we mentioned that E-CVT is not a simple "electronically controlled continuously variable transmission", so of course it is not circulated on the Internet. It is an electronic version of CVT. Toyota’s official definition is "power distributor", because it does not have complex mechanisms such as traditional gearbox system or gear shaft set, and it is a power distribution mechanism specially prepared for hybrid vehicles. Therefore, there has always been a debate: is E-CVT a transmission?

　

For more articles about gearbox classification, please click the following figure to browse:

　

　　Whether it is a transmission or not, we will discuss it later. What we can see is that the THS( Hybrid System) is becoming more and more mature from 200h to the later hybrid version. As a key component of the whole system, E-CVT undoubtedly plays a vital role.　

● E-CVT structure

　　If you look at it from the perspective of traditional transmission, the structure of E-CVTIt’s really, really simple. Many times, the more perfect things are, the simpler they are. I think this must be the truth. As a masterpiece of hybrid cars, Prius has been carrying the core hybrid technology, so the next analysis takes Toyota Prius as an example.

　　The structure of E-CVT is very simple, only made up ofExternal gear ring(The outer gear ring here connects the No.2 motor and the output shaft at the same time) andplanetary carrier(connection) andSun gear(connected to No.1 motor), that is, the power transmission flow is:No.2 motor — External gear ring — output shaftAt the same time, due to the existence of planetary gear sets, there are also:Engine — Planetary group — External gear ring — output shaft. The following physical picture was taken from a foreign video.

　　If you look closely, you can’t help wondering: Isn’t this the structure? Yes, E-CVT is made up of a planetary gear set reduction mechanism (The red box in the picture above.）。 There is no chain or steel belt in CVT, let alone the torque converter in AT or the double clutch in DCT. So, the problem is coming. . . Ahem. Can an E-CVT with such a simple structure really achieve stepless speed change? The answer is of course!

● E-CVT principle

Overview:

　　In fact, E-CVT is not very complicated only from the perspective of mechanical motion principle. How complicated can the motion of a planetary gear set be? What is complicated is its electronic control unit, that is, the logical principle of electromechanical cooperation. Before introducing the working principle, briefly list some noun notes that will be used below:

PCU：Power Control Unit (Power control unit) This is an essential part of a hybrid car, which contains a voltage converter and an inverter, and can adjust the output voltage of the battery pack. For example, high voltage (about 600V) must be used to supply power to the motor, and the voltage of the battery pack is up to about 200V due to the size limitation, so the transformer is essential. butThe function of inverter is to change DC to AC or vice versa.Because the high-voltage AC motor has the advantages of small size, high efficiency and large size, and the battery pack emits direct current, an inverter is necessary between the motor and the battery pack.

1：That is, motor generator 1 is connected with the sun gear.

MG2：Namely motor generator 2, andExternal gear ringConnect.

　　Attribute diagram of two motors:

　　The engine of Prius is Atkinson engine, which is characterized by good intermediate speed performance, insufficient high and low speed performance and high energy utilization rate;

　　To facilitate understanding, put a simplified E-CVT structure diagram:

　　Next is the power distribution diagram.

　　First of all, we need to be clear about a concept:Power is the product of combination with rotational speed.(power = torque × rotational speed),

　　Then because there are four that canFree revolutionPlanetary gear, it can be imagined that when the gear ring is fixed (that is, the wheel is fixed), the sun gear (MG1) can only drive the planetary gear seat (that is, the engine) to rotate (that is, start the engine process) when the planetary gear rotates;

　　With the rotation of planetary gears, when the ring gear (MG2) rotates forward, the sun gear (MG1) can also rotate backward. Conversely, when the ring gear (MG2) rotates reversely, the sun gear (MG1) can rotate forward again.

　　For example, when the outer ring gear and the sun gear rotate in the same direction, the planetary gears can not rotate, but only revolve, thus driving the gasoline engine to rotate. When the planetary gear seat does not rotate, the ring gear and the sun gear can still rotate freely. It is precisely because of this ingenious characteristic of the planetary gear set,Only when the engine, wheels and motor are connected together can they run without interfering with each other.Therefore, the clutch structure is omitted.

　　S=C×3.6－R×2.6

　　In the formula, s = sun = sun gear, c = carrier = line constellation, and r = ring = outer gear ring.

　　In addition, since the diameters and teeth numbers of the external gear, the sun gear and the planetary gear have been fixed, it can also be obtained according to the formula on the drawing:When the planetary constellation rotates in the middle, the torque ratio allocated to the outer ring gear and the sun gear is certain.. The specific value is about72%Allocated to the external gear (actually 2.6÷3.6),28%Allocated to the sun gear (1-72%). As long as the engine rotates to work, it will not change this basic fact.

　　Then we all know that under a series of different working conditions, the requirements for torque are greatly changed. Traditional power vehicles need a transmission to adjust the output power of the engine. However, in this specific structure of E-CVT, because there are two motors, under different working conditions,According to the above formula. As long as the different rotational speeds of these two motors are controlled, the engine power obtained on the outer gear ring can be changed infinitely, so that the automobile can achieve stepless speed change.

　　As for how the PCU of Prius can control the fuel supply of the engine and the voltage, phase and positive and negative on-off of the two motors in real time according to the running conditions of the car. The control logic involved and the data collection and processing procedures of many sensors are too complicated to be described here. Understand that E-CVT can realize stepless speed change.

　

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● Detailed explanation of working conditions

　　The following analyzes the speed change process of E- one by one from various operating conditions:

I. Idle running (hot car)

　　After the start command is issued, it starts (rotates forward) in an instant and drives the start. The whole process is extremely fast and smooth.

　　After the engine is started, it runs at idle speed, and the gasoline engine drives the planetary constellation to rotate forward. Because the wheel (outer ring gear) does not rotate, the forward rotation of the planetary gear set (engine) will drive the sun gear (MG1) to rotate forward through the planetary gears. MG1 no longer receives power from the battery pack, but becomes a generator.Emit alternating current, through the inverter and voltage converter in PCU, it becomes low-voltage DC and charges the battery pack. In short, at idle speed,The whole engine is used to charge the battery pack..

Second, start

　　After the start signal is sent, a small amount of power will be connected to the No.2 motor, and MG2 will start to rotate. Drive the wheel (outer gear ring) to start forward rotation, and the car moves slowly. When you press the accelerator pedal slightly hard, the No.2 motor will get more power and the Prius will accelerate. Because the power of No.2 motor is very high (50KW), the low speed is also very high. Under the control of PCU, the acceleration of the car is very soft.Even by MG2 aloneYou can accelerate the Prius to a considerable speed! This starting process gives full play to MG2.Low speed and high torsionTo make up for the embarrassing situation of insufficient low-speed torque of the engine.

　　It is worth noting that if the engine is not working at this time (starting in pure electric mode), with the increase of the rotational speed of MG2, the rotational speed of MG1 will also increase rapidly. Because the speed of MG1 has an upper limit, when it reaches the upper limit, the engine is forced to start to intervene. There is a critical speed at this time. Although this speed is fixed, it is certain that the greater the intensity of stepping on the accelerator at the start, the earlier the gasoline engine will intervene (actively intervene). If you step on the accelerator all at once, the gasoline will ignite immediately.

　　In most cases, MG2 can smoothly accelerate the Prius to a good speed, but in some cases, there will be a phenomenon of insufficient power. This is what the engine will pass after intervention.Driving MG1 to generate electricity for MG2.andDirectly drive the external gear to rotate to push the wheel.Two ways to output power, it is worth mentioning that these two ways can exist at the same time. As for the proportion of each other, it depends on many factors.

Third, small load acceleration

　　When accelerating under light load, the wheels are mainly driven by MG2. With the speed of MG2 increasing, the speed of reverse rotation of the four planetary gears gradually decreases. When the speed of the gear ring is the same as that of the planetary constellation (engine), the rotation of the planetary gears stops, leaving only revolution. At this time, the planetary constellation (engine) pushes the gear ring (wheel) and sun gear (No.1 motor) through the four planetary gears that are no longer rotating, and the three speeds are consistent. MG1 continues to supply power to MG2 and charges the power battery through PCU. Thereafter, the speed of MG2 continues to increase until the vehicle reaches the target speed. At this time, the sun gear rotation speed is less than the rotation speed of the constellation.

Fourth, heavy load acceleration

　　In the face of heavy load acceleration (such as load starting), the power of MG2 can’t keep up.Engine speed increaseEntering its economic operation range, the power of the engine is greatly improved. Because the torque increase of the engine further drives MG1 to generate electricity and the power obtained by the outer ring gear increases, at the same time, the battery pack will also supply power to MG2. Thanks to this, MG2 enters the "full firepower" mode.

Fourth, driving at a constant speed

　　Driving at a constant speed occurs after the acceleration is completed. At this time, the Prius only needs to overcome all kinds of resistance, and the demand for power and torque is greatly reduced. After the throttle is relaxed, the speed of the gasoline engine decreases, and the speed of the gear ring (wheel) is higher than that of the planetary carrier (gasoline engine). At this time, the four planetary gears began to rotate forward. This forward rotation will drive the sun gear (MG1) to reverse.

　　There is something special here, as we learned from the previous article. When the power from the engine is transmitted to the outer ring gear and the sun gear through the planet carrier, the rotational speeds of the outer ring gear and the sun gear will satisfy the following formula.

　　S=C×3.6－R×2.6

　　When the rotating speed of the outer gear ring is higher than that of the planetary carrier, that is, when R>C, it is obvious that S < 0, that is, it is reversed. However, if the reverse rotation of sun gear at this time is idling (without any resistance), it will rotate so fast that all the power from the engine will be absorbed by MG1 and the external gear ring cannot be driven (because it is obviously much easier to drive sun gear than to drive the external gear ring). Therefore, MG1 will need to work in the motor mode here, so that the planet carrier can’t drive the sun gear to fly at high speed and waste the power of the engine.

　　But wouldn’t that be a waste of electricity? Therefore, in general, when cruising at high speed, MG2 becomes a generator to maintain the rotation of MG1.

　　In fact, during the whole driving process of Prius, the state of acceleration and uniform driving is constantly switching. The phase of voltage and current will be adjusted by PCU according to various operation actions such as stepping on the accelerator and releasing the accelerator, and various driving conditions of the car, and the output power and rotating direction of the motor will be changed instantly, and the functions of the two motors will be switched.

Fifth, slow down

　　In fact, the deceleration is relatively simple, with the engine turned off and the MG1 idling. MG2 is driven by the wheel and becomes a generator to absorb the deceleration energy of the wheel. And charge the battery pack.

Sixth, reverse the car

　　Thanks to the large torque of MG2, the torque MG2 required by the Prius when reversing can be easily provided. The battery pack supplies power to MG2, which drives the external gear ring to reverse, and the vehicle finishes reversing.

　　In the whole driving process of Prius, we can see that it is actually a process in which two motors and engines cooperate with each other to perfectly perform linear output under strict electromechanical conversion logic control. The basis of this perfect cooperation is the special structure of E-CVT. Because power = torque × rotational speed, the planetary gear set structure with proportionally distributed torque and infinitely distributed rotational speed enables the power of the engine to be infinitely distributed to the outer gear ring (i.e. wheels) at any time and place, thus completing all functions of the ordinary stepping gearbox!

　　The following table shows the running state of each gear of E-CVT during the whole process:

　　You can also refer to the following video to improve your understanding of the operating relationship between planetary gears, sun gears and external gear rings.

● Prospect of E-CVT

　　The appearance of gearbox was born in order to meet the different power requirements under various complex working conditions. Before it appeared, drivers needed to judge the road conditions and car conditions themselves to shift up and down in time. The advantage of this method is a strong sense of driving operation. After all, experienced drivers know what kind of power the car needs better than ECU. In addition, the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance and small size also make the car with manual transmission have a large number of fans no matter where it is suitable.

　　The appearance of automatic gearbox is actually very early, but the real large-scale application was in the 1980 s, and it was also a free ride with the rapid development of electronic technology. Because automatic transmission is not difficult, it is difficult to change the speed more accurately. In the mechanical age, technology is obviously difficult to achieve, but nowadays, more and more intelligent ECU makes automatic transmission more and more able to understand your driving intention. But even so, the automatic gearbox still has defects:There is shift clearance.Even DCT can’t realize the real "stepless speed change".

　　As for the protagonist E-CVT in this paper, it can be said that it has reached the peak of the integration of electromechanical technology in the gearbox field. First of all, its logic control system is very complicated. In addition, it can effectively make up for the short board (low transmission power) of the traditional stepless gearbox, which integratesHigh power, quick response, stepless speed change and extremely high transmission efficiency.And other advantages in one. But it also has disadvantages:The support system is too complicated.We know that once any system is too complicated, the probability of problems will increase exponentially.　

● summary

　　Let’s make a simple summary of E-CVT:

1. Very smooth, extremely smooth

2, the transmission efficiency is high

3, simple structure and small volume

　　Let’s go back to the question at the beginning of the article about whether E-CVT is right or not. Let’s put it this way: If other power sources were not needed to cooperate with it, I’m afraid E-CVT technology would have unified the gearbox field long ago. It is precisely because of this "fatal" defect that it is simply tailored for hybrid models. Writing this analysis is not entirely for the sake of popular science, but I hope that everyone can learn more about this somewhat heterogeneous and unknown transmission structure and its thinking. Because I firmly believe that in the future when fossil energy is exhausted, E-CVT will finally shine!

　　In 2015, I worked in China as a resident reporter for Pyramid. Since then, I have been very concerned about the development and changes in China. I have visited China almost every year since I returned to Egypt from my term. Over the years, I have witnessed the rapid changes in China and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards. To my surprise, I can find many new changes even if I revisit China city in a relatively short time. The Communist Party of China (CPC) unites and leads the people of China to continuously promote Chinese modernization and change the country step by step.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) adhered to the people-centered development thought and won the extensive support and trust of the people of China. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has won the unprecedented, strongest and most populous battle against poverty in human history, which is a very remarkable achievement. I have visited some rural areas in Tibet and Shaanxi. According to the specific situation, the local government makes poverty alleviation plans, or improves farmers’ living environment through relocation, or vigorously develops characteristic agriculture, tourism, handicrafts, etc., or helps farmers find jobs and start businesses with employment guidance, low-interest loans and other measures. The common goal of these efforts is to help people increase their income and lead a better life. At present, China is vigorously implementing the rural revitalization strategy and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

　　Chinese modernization is the modernization that really benefits the people. The development of science and technology in China has brought great convenience to people’s lives. In China, people basically don’t need to carry cash or credit cards when they go out, but they can easily complete the ordering and payment in their daily life with a mobile phone. China has also made continuous progress in combating desertification, improving air quality and realizing green development, and people’s living environment is getting better and better. The government of China is committed to raising the level of education, improving medical conditions and strengthening social security. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the market space becomes broader and the human resources become richer, and China will have stronger development momentum.

　　China has a large population, a vast territory and complex national conditions, so realizing modernization is bound to be a process of constantly overcoming challenges. At present, there are no more than 30 industrialized countries in the world with a total population of no more than 1 billion. China has a population of more than 1.4 billion. It is an unprecedented event in the history of human development to make such a huge population enter the modern society as a whole. As a populous country in the Middle East, Egypt faces many challenges similar to those of China on the road to development and revitalization. Chinese-style modernization provides many valuable experiences for reference, which makes the developing countries, especially those with large population, see the hope of modernization.

　　China’s continuous promotion of Chinese modernization will provide more new opportunities for all countries in the world. China strives to make the middle-income group exceed 800 million in the next 15 years, and promote the continuous development of the super-large-scale market. The released consumer demand will strongly promote the development of the world economy. Chinese-style modernization will not only benefit the people of China, but also bring development dividends to all countries in the world, benefiting the people of all countries.

　　(The author is the deputy editor of the Egyptian newspaper Pyramid)

Raise a glass to celebrate in May.

Debut in Taipei on May Day.

A Xin is shooting food.

Stone Martha plays selfie.

　　　　　　　 On May 16th, I attended a press conference in Taipei. Earlier, it was revealed that Ella had left Huayan, and the S.H.E three people were facing the crisis of dissolution. As a "longevity" group, they were asked about the topic of dissolution. A Xin joked: "We are on the verge of dissolution at any time. It is work that brings us together. We will dissolve as soon as we announce it!" The league members booed and said, "We dissolve once a day." Mayday said that the concert tour had just finished 96 performances and was about to break 100 performances, which was the first time in the 21 years since it became a military. They laughed and said, "When we got off the stage, we got together to eat, and everyone had a good relationship. There was no such problem."

　　Martha was promoted to be a father a few days ago, and the twins were just full moon. She was asked what it was like to be a father. He said happily and briefly, "Yes, I have recently become a father and I am in a good mood." A Xin joked that Martha is so good that she can wrap diapers with one hand without being in a hurry. Stone sent a long article a few days ago, saying that he had not talked to the children for a long time and had to face the topic of "letting go". He said: "I am busy with the concert and haven’t seen my family for a while. I hope to spend more time with my children."

　　Last night, fans were disappointed that they couldn’t hear the Mayday song "Stubborn" on the broadcast. The rumor was broadcast during the warm-up before the game. Martha said: "It’s very happy that the song can be heard on such an important occasion. After all, the game is the most important and it doesn’t affect the game."

[car home Qingdao Preferential Promotion Channel] At present, preferential activities in Qingdao are under way, with a maximum discount range of 33,000 yuan and a minimum starting price of 140,800 yuan. If you are interested in buying, please be sure to click the "Check the car price" link in the quotation form to get more discounts.

Willanda has a fashionable and dynamic design, and its front face adopts a wide air intake grille, which is matched with a sharp LED headlight group, showing a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth and dynamic, and the overall style is both sporty and luxurious.

The body size of Wilanda is 4665mm (length) *1855mm (width) *1680mm (height), and the wheelbase is 2690mm, providing spacious interior space. The side lines of the car body are smooth, showing a combination of movement and elegance. With 18-inch wheels, it is not only beautiful but also practical. The front and rear tyre size are both 225/60 R18, which ensures the stability and handling of the vehicle.

Wilanda’s interior style is simple and full of technology. The steering wheel is made of plastic material, which has the function of manual up-and-down and forward-and-backward adjustment, providing the driver with a comfortable operating experience. The center console is equipped with a 10.25-inch touch screen, integrated with multimedia and navigation system, and supports USB interface, which is convenient for connecting mobile phones and other devices. The seat is made of fabric, and the main driver’s seat can realize the front-back adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment (2-way), and the co-pilot seat also has the front-back and backrest adjustment functions. The second row of seats also supports backrest adjustment, and can be laid down in proportion, which improves the flexibility of space.

Willanda is equipped with an L4 engine with a power of 2.0L and 171 horsepower, with a maximum power of 126kW and a maximum torque of 206 N m. With CVT continuously variable transmission (simulating the 10th gear), it provides drivers with a smooth and powerful power experience.

In the evaluation of Willanda by car home car owners, the beauty of white body color was specifically mentioned. He said: "The white color is beautiful, and the design of the front and rear of the car is very in line with the aesthetics of young people."

Author: Leasue

long-winded

I changed my local job for 20 years and came to a big city from a ravine. At first, my transportation was a small electric Sitter, because I didn’t plan to buy a car because I was expected to be seconded for one year.

Fortunately, when I was seconded for almost a year, I competed for formal employees, so I planned to buy a car. The rainy season in Kunming is also coming soon, so buying a car is put on the agenda.

Car selection

Considering that I drive a car alone most of the time, once a month, my family occasionally travels 200 kilometers away, and I take my baby to dinner alone every week, and I have no money in my hand.

It is estimated that the down payment will be 5 W, so I aimed at the A-class car. What is expensive is that I can’t afford it. I started to watch cars in various apps and forums. The general direction is these cars:

1. LaVida, the champion of mass sales, has a good car. Unfortunately, the money is small. This budget can only buy 1.5L self-priming, and it was still the old version in May of 2011. The car is too old-fashioned.

2, mainly look at the 1.2T Deluxe Edition, landing about 13 times, the loan pressure is slightly greater, the whole system comes standard with praise, and the interior and car machine are too tight.

3. Lei Ling is basically the same as Corolla.

4, Arrizo, the top is equipped with 9.99 W, the discount is about 5,000, and the configuration is also very high. I visited 2 4s and landed almost 11, black!

5. Finally, Buick, Chevrolet and Yinglang Chevrolet are too small, especially in the back row, but the price is very low. When Weilang was in the process of replacement, the new one was not available, and the old one was out of stock.

.

6, Changan Yidong, Ruiyi CC, let’s talk about Yidong first. At the beginning of 4s, WeChat agreed on a loan of 10.8, and then went to the store and changed it to 11.2, hehe.

Ruicheng CC, a quasi-"B" class car, has a wheelbase of 2770, which is 7 cm larger than Yidong, and the corresponding length of the car is 7 cm. After a test drive, the landing is more than 1.5 times more expensive than Yidong.

Occasionally, Baidu saw Che Hemei, a self-operated store in Chang ‘an, with a loan of 63,000 years in interest-free installments, and basically did not have to wait for the bus, and chose the Andean gray roof, Hongnei.

This is a good card for driving home. Park it in your own parking space.

This was taken at the time of the first insurance. It’s fairly regular, and the cover is not much, so it can’t be compared with Chery and Geely.

The tire is SUS318A 17 inch from Chaoyang, which is not expensive for 300 yuan.

There is a piece of sound insulation cotton on the engine cover, and the effect is average.

advantages and disadvantages

Space: space is an excellent student in the same class, and it is also a disadvantage to be short in the seat, which is 4 cm shorter than the mainstream car! ! The passenger space in the back row is ok, and the seat can also be reclined at 46, but the co-pilot is also manually adjusted, so I’m sorry that this top meets the specifications.

Configuration: Intelligent configuration is OK, but it is L2, which should be worse than lane keeping and automatic parking. Such as active safety, 540-degree image, full-speed adaptive cruise and full skylight are all good. The most hateful thing is that there is no automatic parking auto hold and bad review! The new model has also been added, alas, it is really only one or two minor problems that have been improved!

Sound insulation: Generally speaking, the roads in the city are still quiet below 60, and it will be very big when it reaches 120. Especially for the newly paved roads, this tire is a bit picky. There is nothing we can do about the price. We can only wait until the tire is changed, but the whole car is here, and it is estimated that it has not changed much. It is better to change to a better car in the future.

Car machine: The top two 10.25-inch screens look very powerful. Unfortunately, the main driver’s seat can only display the basic information of the vehicle, but it can’t fly the screen and display navigation, and it depends on the middle entertainment screen. The overall reaction speed of the lathe is average, the interface switching has a large delay, and sliding on the same screen is ok. Up to now, the system has been updated twice, and it is estimated that there will be no more in the future. The new model will definitely not be a pipe fitting. One place that needs to be spit out is that there are only CCTV audio-visual and cool music in the application market. As a result, CCTV audio-visual has to spend extra money to open services, and many cool people can use it as members. There is also a big car problem, voice search often can’t find anything! If you can’t find it, give me a random search!

Fuel consumption: At present, the meter shows 7.2L for more than 10,000 kilometers, but the fuel consumption calculated by my software is about 7.5-7.6L, and the expressway in the city is almost half. At present, I use the economic model. The high-speed Kaiping is a little above and below six, and the city can have about seven if there is no traffic jam. If there is a little traffic jam, I will go to eight, while if I use the normal model, the overall fuel consumption will be 0.5, which is the actual fuel consumption. As for the sports mode, I tried it once, but the fuel consumption is going up. I haven’t driven it for a long time, and it is expected to be about 1 higher than ordinary.

Another disadvantage is that there is no physical button for air conditioning temperature! At present, only voice control or touch screen settings are available, which is not as refreshing as physical buttons!

Another disadvantage is that the cup holder will block his hand in this position! The new model will be changed soon, cheating!

Then, after only a few months of driving, there was no blood, and it was pierced by a screw! But fortunately, only a little gas was exposed, and the pressure dropped from 2.5 to about 1.8. Fortunately, I persisted all the way to the Tuhu store and spent 80 yuan to install a mushroom head.

By the time I published this article, 17,000 kilometers have been opened, and the first insurance has been maintained for three times. The first insurance is 3 months or 5,000 kilometers, and then every six months or 7,500 kilometers, all the kilometers have not arrived. Time is up.

When I bought a car, I gave a total of 12 maintenance (including the first insurance), and the working hours of charter oil filter. The only expense I paid was that I thought the fuel consumption was a little high when I was in the second insurance, just because 4S recommended cleaning. I spent 99 yuan on that kind of cleaning, but this one doesn’t need to be spent. Others don’t spend money at present, so it’s gentle for me to drive. It’s time to speed up. Only a few pebbles hit or scratched the car body, and the maintenance service attitude is not bad. I have had two lunches.

As my first car in the true sense, it can meet all the needs at present, and the space is spacious, and the power can run, and some intelligent configurations are also very convenient.

That’s about it. Domestic cars are just like that. The overall use is good, and the after-sales maintenance is ok. The design style level is passable at night, which means that you must be mentally prepared to buy domestic cars! Cars are just for driving. They are used to keep you warm and convenient on the road. You must drive and choose according to your own strength. Don’t lose your face and do what you can. I have thought about good cars and luxury cars, but I am nothing in front of the house and children’s tickets.

This car is going to run out of maintenance until it is delivered. At that time, we will wait and see the electric car. If the battery life changes greatly, let’s continue to change to an oil car.

It’s a bit messy. Write whatever comes to mind on your mobile phone. Please bear with me if you have any questions.