标签： 南京夜生活桑拿论坛

　　Lu Yishe (people’s vision)

　　Core reading

　　In the 2017 "Government Work Report", it was proposed to "support and guide the sharing of economic development". At present, bike-sharing and shared cars are developing rapidly, and shared office is also on the rise. So, what is shared office? For enterprises and society, what value and prospect does shared office mean? Please see the reporter’s field investigation in Shanghai.

　　Save money and time.

　　■ A seat can be rented, and startups can also work in the city center.

　　Cheng Yin never thought that the office was done so quickly, and it was in Jing ‘an District in the center of Shanghai!

　　"A person’s office, rent an office? It’s hard to think about it. However, if you find WEWORK, you will get it in one go. " Cheng Yin said with a smile. Cheng Yin’s company is called Miller Mifan Fashion Company, which was established in Hangzhou in the second half of 2014 and entered Shanghai at the end of 2016 to set up a marketing center. Cheng Yin is the first employee. "Fortunately, our founder has long heard of WEWORK and decided to rent it through WEWORK."

　　Online application, on-site viewing, the office of WEWORK Yanping Road attracted Cheng Yin at once: a relaxing office environment, a seat for rent. "It suits me perfectly. As long as I rent a seat, I don’t have to worry about other things anymore!" Cheng Wei said.

　　Cheng Yin rents a seat for more than 3,000 yuan per month, which sounds expensive at first glance. "However, it is still very cost-effective. I only paid a seat fee, but the meeting room and WiFi are free, the tea and coffee in the tea room are free to drink, and each person can have 120 pages of printing opportunities every month, and the electricity and property fees are also free. More importantly, I don’t have to consider renting an office, decorating and buying furniture. How much time has I saved! "

　　The WEWORK rented by Cheng Yin is located in Jing ‘an District, Shanghai, and the daily rent per square meter of the commercial building is 8-mdash; 10 yuan. "But WEWORK makes it easy for a startup to enter the city center!" Member companies can add seats as needed. In less than two months, Cheng Yin, who keeps recruiting new employees, has applied for a quadruple room.

　　Interestingly, individuals can also rent a "farewell dinner" or "mobile station" at WEWORK. "Most of these people are lawyers, accountants, consultants, etc. Their working hours are not fixed and they can come at any time." The staff introduced.

　　Community-oriented

　　■ Share global resources and connect with the international market to form a win-win situation.

　　WEWORK originated in the United States, but because China investment company — — Hony Capital invested in its US headquarters and joined the board of directors, and its development in China has obviously accelerated.

　　In just over a year, WEWORK has taken root in Shanghai, entered Hong Kong and Beijing, and has 8 office buildings all over the country. In Hong Kong, the first WEWORK building in Causeway Bay was nearly 80% as soon as it opened. In Shanghai, the East China Sea Center, which is about to open, has not yet opened, and there is a big customer … …

　　Although the supply of commercial buildings in Shanghai has exceeded the demand, shared office is favored for reducing costs. For example, joining a member rental station in WEWORK saves 30% compared with renting an office independently & mdash; 40% of the cost and the working environment is comfortable.

　　The most important reason lies in its "communization" and "communization". Members enjoy not only seats and public spaces, but also global resources: members can find seats in WEWORK buildings in any country and any city for free, and they can also communicate with 100,000 members around the world at any time to gain potential customers or fans.

　　Cogobuy is an intelligent hardware platform company founded three years ago. Its net name is "Hard Egg" and it has rented 34 workstations in WEWORK. "We hope that through this platform, we can meet international partners and communicate and cooperate with other international members." Zhang Wenzhao of Ketong Core City said.

　　In today’s economic globalization, the connection between international markets is particularly important for many companies. Zhao Linghuan, chairman and CEO of Hony Capital, explained: "It will cost a lot to find someone to design, manufacture, develop and reuse in new york, but if this demand is placed in WEWORK’s online community, it is possible to find a low-cost supplier as far away as Shanghai. On the contrary, so do members in Shanghai. This has formed a win-win situation. "

　　The rise of local sharing

　　■ With the increasing diversity of modes, enterprises can have more suitable choices.

　　Fang Ming and a group of Peking University people founded the "three-care talents" who specialize in recruitment, and settled in the sugar town where they worked together; Teddy (Shanghai) E-commerce Company founded by Yao Zongchang mainly serves people who dry clean clothes, and chose Zhongchuang Space in the Science Park of Shanghai University of Engineering Science to develop from several workstations to more than 500 workstations … … WEWORK is not the only way to share office in Shanghai.

　　Drawing on WEWORK’s model, many shared office spaces have emerged in China, and sugar cube towns and clubs have grown rapidly.

　　Wan Li Jiang, the founder of Sugar Cube Town, said: "WEWORK is the founder of the shared office model. There are many aspects that we are difficult to learn, but the shared office space created locally is also unique."

　　At present, there are generally three ways to share office: creating space, accelerator and joint office. "Many of Zhongchuang Space and Accelerators are start-ups, even in their infancy. Many companies enjoy free workstations and enjoy different services according to different growth progress. Some workstations are properly charged, and they may get more investment because of their development and growth. The main mode of joint shared office is the paid workstation and the public space outside the seat. "

　　WEWORK has many mobile stations, and Sugar Cube Town intends to reduce the number of mobile stations. "Most China members still pay attention to privacy. We are more fixed rooms and are very popular. Also, WEWORK provides free beer, while managers in China don’t want employees to drink alcohol during work, which is basically not provided. " Wan Li Jiang said.

　　No matter how differentiated, local shared office is also trying to reduce the cost of entering enterprises. Wan Li Jiang said, "We regard all the resident members as a team and concentrate on purchasing services. One or two small businesses have no bargaining power, and when we talk about the whole sugar cube town, we talk about the price and the business cost will come down. "

　　Save social costs

　　■ Accelerate the establishment and growth of entrepreneurial and innovative enterprises and create more development opportunities.

　　It’s not just companies that are losing costs. WEWORK investors told reporters a new phenomenon. After the opening of WEWORK’s shared office building in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, a large number of entrepreneurial youths unexpectedly welcomed. Previously, there were few entrepreneurs in Hong Kong. One of the important reasons was that the cost of office business in Hong Kong was too high, and the sharing mode gave young people the opportunity to enter the metropolitan center to work hard.

　　Gong Yan, a professor at China Europe International Business School, believes that the test of the shared office model depends on whether it improves the efficiency of business transactions and reduces transaction costs. Judging from the current situation, shared office is of great significance to these two aspects. With the prosperity of e-commerce, more and more businesses have begun to adjust and absorb more new enterprises and new models through the shared office model to enhance the vitality of the city.

　　Luo Shanying, Party Secretary and Deputy General Manager of Shanghai Zizhu High-tech Zone, said that sharing office reduces the business cost of enterprises, which is just an account of enterprises. More importantly, shared office has accelerated the establishment and growth of entrepreneurial and innovative enterprises, created more development opportunities for society, and reduced more consumption at the same time. This social cost account is more valuable.

　　■ Reporter’s Notes

　　Cost reduction needs model innovation.

　　Just because of the change of office form, new development opportunities have been created and the cost problem has been alleviated to some extent.

　　Reducing costs and increasing efficiency is an eternal proposition in economic development and enterprise operation. This is especially true in the critical period of economic transformation. Lowering the cost a little may bring one more opportunity, a new growth point, or even a new growth pole.

　　However, cost reduction will not happen naturally. In addition to the government’s decentralization, it is also necessary to tap wisdom and find more paths. Shared office is an innovation of market model, which allows more people to obtain better office resources and market resources at lower cost. This makes people firmly believe that reducing costs also requires model innovation.

　　This year’s government work report proposes to make room for the development of clean energy. Although small hydropower is internationally recognized as clean energy, its development is restricted or even stopped in some places. There are more than 47,000 small hydropower stations in China. What will happen in the future?

　　"It is easy to build a river dam, will it have an impact on the ecology? The water was intercepted by the upstream, and what about the downstream water? " The social doubts about small hydropower mainly focus on three aspects: first, it will reduce the dehydration of river sections; second, the dam construction of small hydropower will cut off rivers; third, it will compete with the people for water.

　　The power stations built in the early days were limited by the conditions at that time, and some of them were unscientific in planning and design. In addition, they were once developed out of order, which really brought about the influence of river reduction and dehydration, and some river basins had problems such as river cut-off and water pollution and eutrophication.

　　Will these problems become the "fatal wound" of small hydropower? Should small hydropower be developed or restricted? Spicy Finance went to Fujian and Zhejiang, major hydropower provinces, and conducted an investigation and interview.

　　Small hydropower has great emission reduction benefits and high energy return rate.

　　Yongchun County, Fujian Province, is the birthplace of small hydropower in China. There are 220 hydropower stations in 750 kilometers of rivers. The small hydropower here has made farmers’ production and life inseparable.

　　There are 236 administrative villages in Yongchun County, and 122 villages have hydropower stations. More than 70% of the power stations are collectively managed by villages, with an average annual hydropower income of 200,000 yuan. Xianyan Hydropower Station undertakes the public welfare services of surrounding villages, and 10 villages enjoy preferential electricity prices, with 3 cents cheaper per kilowatt hour, which is nearly 700,000 yuan a year.

　　"Small hydropower itself does not draw water, which is a green project." Zheng Shuangwei, director of the county water conservancy bureau, said that the development of small hydropower will destroy the ecology, which is biased. After all, there are a few small hydropower problems. In fact, the negative impact of small hydropower can be minimized through technical means and management measures.

　　In the dry season of Qingyuan Power Station on the main stream of Taoxi River, the 7-kilometer-long reach is easy to dry up from the water intake to the water outlet of the power station. This is also a controversial dewatering section.

　　How to solve the problem of water reduction in river reach? In 2015, the power station was rebuilt, and 48 new drainage holes were added, from which gurgling water flowed into the river. "The measures are quite simple. With the drainage holes, the dry season will give priority to ecological protection. With a flow rate of 1 cubic meter per second, the river section will not be dehydrated." Lin Jingsheng, head of the power station, said.

　　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, Fujian will ecologically transform 500 small hydropower stations. By 2030, all power stations that cause serious dehydration will implement ecological flow.

　　Then, will the small hydropower dam cut off the river? Will it compete with the people for water?

　　Zhejiang encourages the ecological transformation of small hydropower stations, installing ecological units, adding water outlets and building dams. The province subsidizes 35%, and the city and county subsidize some more. Fenghuang Hydropower Station in Anji County has transformed into "small hydropower+water supply". There is a power plant under the dam and a water plant on the dam, and an ecological small unit is added. Last year, the water supply alone reached 10 million cubic meters. With the ecological flow, the downstream delivery port will be smooth and clear all the year round.

　　Small hydropower can not only generate electricity, but also has obvious comprehensive benefits such as flood control, irrigation and water supply. There are four reservoirs behind the 480 kW White Hydropower Station in Yongqiang District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The flood was put into the reservoir area and the fertile land was irrigated.

　　"Small hydropower itself is no problem. Through scientific planning and strict supervision, some negative effects can be minimized." Cheng Xialei, director of the International Small Hydropower Center, said that not only small hydropower, but also any human activity has an impact on the ecological environment, and wind power and photovoltaics are no exception. The key is how to weigh the pros and cons and how to transform.

　　According to the data of international research institutions, from the perspective of energy return rate, hydropower is 170— 280, while wind power is 18— 34, solar energy is 3— 6. Traditional thermal power is 2.5— 5.1。 According to the research of china environmental science Research Institute, the benefit of reducing PM2.5 emission by small hydropower is more than 1.5 times that of wind power and solar power generation. In other words, small hydropower generates a lot of electricity, but the energy required for its own construction and maintenance is very small.

　　Accurate poverty alleviation, small hydropower shoulders the heavy responsibility

　　At present, the development rate of small hydropower in China is 59.2%, which is lower than the level of about 80% in developed countries. In Switzerland and France, the development rate of small hydropower is as high as 97%.

　　Most of the undeveloped hydropower resources in China are concentrated in 832 poverty-stricken counties. To win the battle against poverty, we must not only let the poor people get rid of it, but also let them have a stable income and a way to get rich. But at present, the biggest difficulty in industrial assistance is that there are too few good projects. Small hydropower projects, however, have little investment risk and market impact, and can bring long-term stable income. Local development and nearby power supply will help the poor realize the function of "hematopoiesis".

　　In 2016, the state allocated 300 million yuan from the central budget to carry out pilot projects of rural small hydropower poverty alleviation in six provinces and cities including Hunan, Shaanxi and Chongqing. According to the national regulations, after the completion of the poverty alleviation hydropower station, the poverty alleviation income funds will be paid to the county government where the project is located at a rate of not less than 6% of the central investment every year, which will be specially used to support the construction of local poor households and infrastructure.

　　The pilot project of rural small hydropower poverty alleviation in Shaanxi Province will be fully completed before the end of June, and the poor people will share the fruits of hydropower resources development. The four pilot projects in the province will provide no less than 3.4 million yuan of poverty alleviation income funds every year for poverty alleviation and improvement of local infrastructure.

　　Dongkou County and Xinhua County, Hunan Province, are located in the contiguous poverty-stricken areas of Wuling Mountain. Last year, the central government invested 10 million yuan and 29.8 million yuan respectively to build two poverty-relief power stations. Each year, the two power stations will allocate more than 2.4 million yuan as income funds for poverty alleviation, 80% of which will directly increase the income of poor households who have set up files, and 20% will be used for infrastructure construction in poor villages.

　　"Small hydropower has remarkable benefits in poverty alleviation, and I hope to increase policy support." Cheng Xialei suggested that the ecological electricity price mechanism is feasible, and an ecological compensation mechanism should be established as soon as possible in accordance with the principle of "whoever develops and protects, whoever benefits and compensates".

　　"It is worth noting that behind the restrictions on small hydropower, the installed capacity of coal-fired power is still expanding. In some places, water, wind and light are seriously abandoned. Only Sichuan and Yunnan provinces abandoned 80 billion kWh of water last year." Wang Yinan, a researcher at the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the State Council Development Research Center, said that although the Renewable Energy Law clearly stipulates that hydropower is renewable energy, hydropower has not been able to enjoy the incentive policies for renewable energy such as wind power and solar energy for more than 10 years, and hydropower has been excluded from the full-guaranteed acquisition policy, which has hindered its consumption. At the national level, top-level design should be accelerated, local barriers should be broken, and hydropower should be included in the scope of full-guaranteed acquisition of renewable energy as soon as possible. (People’s Daily Central Kitchen Spicy Finance Studio Zhao Yongping)